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Civil and Environmental Engineering

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Computational Mechanics
Concrete Structures and Technology
Earthquake Engineering
Emerging Contaminants
Environmental Bioprocesses and Biotechnology
Fire Engineering
Information Technology on Construction Management
Land Reclamation
Maritime Logistics and Port Economics
Membrane Science and Technology

Offshore Engineering
Protective Technology
Renewable Materials
Risks and Project Financing
Rivers and Lakes
Spatial Data Modelling
Structural Health Monitoring
Transport Modelling and Traffic Management
Tropical Soils Engineering
Underground Space Development
Watershed

Name	Research Interests
Assoc Prof (Adj) A P Gopinath Menon	Road congestion pricing, traffic management, public transport, road safety engineering
Prof Anthony Gordon Fane	(1) Membrane Science and Technology Synthetic membrane fabrication and characterisation. Fouling and fouling control of reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration and microfiltration membranes. Transport through synthetic membranes. Applications in desalination, dewatering, biotechnology and waste treatment. The use of ceramic membranes. Gas separation technology. (2) Pollution Control and Cleaner Production Chemical engineering principles applied to water pollution control. Environmental impact statements - water quality aspects. Cleaner Production and Waste Minimisation. (3) Process Safety and Hazards Analysis Application of modern methods (eg. HAZOPs) to safe process design.
Asst Prof Bae Tae-Hyun	1. Chemistry of materials - nanoporous materials including zeolites, mesoporous materials and metal-organic frameworks - thin films and nanocomposite membranes 2. Environmental technology - CO2 capture - water treatment 3. Molecular separaitons in chemical processes - hydrocarbon separations - gas separations
Asst Prof Cao Bin	Microbial biofilms in natural and engineered systems Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) Interactions of biofilms and EPS with environmental contaminants Biological treatment of waste/wastewater Biodegradation, bioremediation, waste-to-energy (or value-added products) bioconversion
Asst Prof Chang Wei-Chung	Dr. Chang's areas of research include the investigation of air pollutions from mobile combustion sources, physical and chemical process of ultrafine particle evolution, indoor air quality, and human exposure analysis. He also shows interests in HVAC and air purification system using photocatalytic reaction and automation. He has working with multi-discipline collaborators including mechanical engineering and electrical/electronic engineering.
Assoc Prof Cheng Niansheng	Prof Cheng Nian-Sheng's areas of expertise are hydraulics, sediment transport and turbulence. His current research works focus on open channel flows with vegetation, turbulent flows over dune-covered bed, and simultaneous measurements of two-phase flows.
Asst Prof Cheung Sai Hung	-Catastrophe risk modeling, analysis, mitigation and management due to natural disasters and man-made hazards -Reliability, Risk engineering and science -Stochastic dynamics -Complexity science -Earthquake engineering, Performance-based engineering -Sustainable urban planning and development -Climate Change Impact Studies -Optimal decision making, design and control under uncertainty -Uncertainty quantification, System identification -Structural health monitoring
Assoc Prof Chiew Sing Ping	Fatigue and fracture of steel structures Advanced building materials Structural stability Tubular structures Steel and composite construction
Prof Chiew Yee Meng	He has had more than 25 years of research experience in many aspects of fluvial, hydraulic, coastal and offshore engineering. His particular research interest is in the area of erosion, sediment transport and turbulence. In addition to his research activities, Dr Chiew provides extensive consulting services to the engineering industries, both internationally and in Singapore. He was the Chairman of the 2nd International Conference on Scour and Erosion (ICSE-2) that was held in Singapore in November 2004. SELECTED PUBLICATION LIST 1. Chiew, Y. M. "Mechanics of Local Scour Around Submarine Pipelines" Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, vol. 116, no. 4, 515-529, 1990. 2. Chiew, Y. M. "Scour Protection at Bridge Piers" Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, vol. 118, no. 9, 1260-1269, 1992. 3. Chiew, Y. M. and Parker, G. "Incipient Sediment Transport on Non-Horizontal Slopes" Journal of Hydraulic Research, IAHR, vol. 32, no. 5, 649-660, 1994. 4. Chiew, Y. M. "Mechanics of Riprap Failure at Bridge Piers" Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, vol. 121, no. 9, 635-643, 1995. 5. Song, T. and Chiew, Y. M. and Chin, C. O. "Effect of Bedload Movement on Flow Friction Factor" Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, vol. 124, no. 2, 165-175, 1998. 6. Cheng, N. S. and Chiew, Y. M. "Turbulent Open-Channel Flow with Upward Seepage" Journal of Hydraulic Research, IAHR, vol. 36, no. 3, 415-431, 1998. 7. Melville, B. W. and Chiew, Y. M. "Time Scale for Local Scour at Bridge Piers" Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, vol. 125, no. 1, 59-65, 1999. 8. Cheng, N. S. and Chiew, Y. M. "Incipient Sediment Motion with Upward Seepage" Journal of Hydraulic Research, IAHR, vol. 37, no. 5, 665-681, 1999. 9. Ming, D. H. and Chiew, Y. M. "Experimental study for shoreline changes behind a detached breakwater" Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering, ASCE, vol. 126, no. 2, 63-70, 2000. 10. Chiew, Y. M. and Lim F. H. "Failure behavior of riprap layer at bridge piers under live-bed conditions" Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, vol. 126, no. 1, 43-55, 2000. 11. Song, T. and Chiew, Y. M. "Turbulence Measurement in Non-Uniform Open Channel Flow Using an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV)". Journal of Engineering Mechanics, ASCE, vol. 127, no. 3, 219-232, 2001. 12. Chiew, Y.M. "Failure Mechanisms of Riprap Layer around Bridge Piers". Invited Paper (Plenary Section) in Proc. of First Int. Conf. on Scour of Foundations (ICSF-1), Vol. 1, 70-91, 2002. 13. Chen, X. W. and Chiew, Y. M. "Response of Velocity and Reynolds Stress Profiles to Sudden Change of Bed Roughness in Open-Channel Flow". Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, vol. 129, no. 1, 35-43, 2003. 14. Chen, X. W. and Chiew, Y. M. "Velocity Distribution of Turbulent Open Channel Flow with Bed Suction". Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, vol. 130, no. 2, 140-148, 2004. 15. Chiew, Y. M. "Local Scour and Riprap Stability at Bridge Piers in a Degrading Channel". Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, vol. 130, no. 3, 218-226, 2004. 16. Lu, Y., Chiew, Y.M. and Cheng, N. S. "Review of seepage effects on turbulent open-channel flow and sediment entrainment". Journal of Hydraulic Research, IAHR, 46(4), 476-488, 2008.
Assoc Prof Chu Jian	Dr Chu's area of expertise includes labotrory and in-situ testing, soil properties, ground improvement, land reclamation, and waste utilisation. My research focus areas at the present are: (1) Instability behaviour of granular soil; (2) Innovative ground improvement methods including the use of microbial technologies; (2) Waste utilisation; and (4) Disaster mitigations.
Asst Prof Chua Hock Chye Lloyd	Prof Chua's areas of expertise are in urban hydrology and surface water quality. His current research works focus on rainfall runoff modeling, urban runoff water quality and sediment discharge.
Assoc Prof Dong Zhili	Dr. Dong has more than twenty years experience in transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction of materials. His research interests include open-framework materials, nanostructured functional materials, advanced coatings and materials synthesis.
Vg Asst Prof Enrico Marsili	Electroactive biofilms Methods for characterization of single culture and mixed culture biofilms Microbial Biofilm Voltammetry Spectroelectrochemistry of biofilms Microbial fuel cells Lab-scale microbial fuel cells for energy recovery from wastewater Nanostructured biointerfaces Growth of electroactive biofilms on thin metal oxide films Nanoparticle biosynthesis Biosynthesis of nanoparticles in viable culture and protein extract
Prof Fung Tat Ching	Prof Fung's areas of expertise are Computational Mechanics and Structural Engineering. His current research works focus on structural behaviour of tubular joints and the design of higher order time-step integration algorithms.
Assoc Prof Goh Teck Chee, Anthony	In recent years, A/P Goh's research has been concentrated in three areas: (a) He has pioneered, and is at the forefront of research into the use of artificial intelligence (AI) methodologies for solving civil engineering problems. His journal publications have often been cited, particularly in the area of seismic liquefaction assessment. (b) He has been at the forefront of research into studying braced excavations in clays, and the effects of lateral soil movements from excavation and embankment construction activities on existing piles. (c) He has pioneered research to study the stability of excavations using the finite element method. Recently, he has pioneered work to incorporate uncertainty and reliability concepts into the design of geotechnical structures and to assess their serviceability performance.
Prof Harianto Rahardjo	Rainfall - induced landslides: mechanism, assessment, characterisation, instrumentation and preventive measures Unsaturated Soil Mechanics: laboratory testing, field measurements and numerical modelling Behaviour of tropical soils: shear strength, air and water flows, suction measurements Soil improvement for tree stability Laboratory soil testing for saturated and unsaturated soils Specialised soil testing techniques and their interpretation Analytical techniques in geotechnical engineering
Asst Prof Huang Zhenhua	Professor Huang's areas of expertise are Hydrodynamics, Environmental fluid mechanics, Coastal and Ocean engineering. His current research works focus on Nonlinear wave-structure interactions; Large scale circulations and transport phenomena in coastal waters; Nonlinear wave dynamycs over coral reef; Shoreline erosion; Wave energy converters; Tsunami hazard mitigation; Flows in porous media.
Assoc Prof (Adj) Kang Kok Hin	Strategic management of facilities & projects Whole life performance of buildings Key performance indicators Energy management & green audit Wind induced dynamic response of tall buildings Fluid dynamic Township planning & management
Assoc Prof (Adj) Karl Wolfgang Mueller-Wittig	Associate Professor Dr. Wolfgang Mueller-Wittig areas of expertise are computer graphics, real time rendering, Virtual & Augmented Reality, and GPGPU. Current research work focus on the use of GPU for high performance computational biology (e.g., bio-sequence alignment). He is also involved in the SMART-CENSAM (Centre for Environmental Sensing and Modeling) project and responsible for the development of a visualization platform for interactive evaluation and exploration of dynamic environmental models. Further research include cultural heritage (e.g., Virtual Peranakan) and the generation of new learning environments using interactive & digital media (e.g., Augmented Reality Chinese Language Learning Game, Virtual NanoTechZoo, Augmented Physics Lab).
Assoc Prof Khong Poh Wah	-project management -management of technology -patent technology -sustainable development
Prof (Adj) Lau Joo Ming	Building Technology , Energy , Environment, Material Science, Materials,Civil and Structural Engineering
Assoc Prof Law Wing-Keung, Adrian	Research in environmental fluid mechanics with special emphasis on wastewater disposal and impact, environmental hydraulics in wastewater treatment processes, pollutant transport in coastal environment, and advanced laser imaging techniques for measurements.
Assoc Prof Lee Chi King	Reliable error estimation procedures for finite element analysis Automatic accurate adaptive finite element analysis for solid mechanic Computer graphic and automatic mesh generation procedures using advancing front technique for finite element analysis Meshless methods (e.g. EFGM and RKPM) Generalized and extended finite element methods Fatigue analysis of tubular joints Steel structures Use of high and ultra strength steel in construction Progressive collapse of RC structures Prediction of explosion hazard
Assoc Prof Leong Eng Choon	Unsaturated soils, soil dynamics, field and laboratory tests, foundation engineering and numerical modelling. Current research projects include: 1. Dynamic properties of Singapore soils 2. Instrumentation for the Study of Rainfall - Induced Slope Failures in Singapore 3. Soil Improvement for Tree Stability and Tree Root Systems 4. Slope Repair Technology in Singapore 5. Development of specialised container technology for growing trees in Singapore
Assoc Prof Li Bing	Earthquake and Blast Resistant Design: Seismic and blast resistant design of reinforced concrete buildings and buildings incorporating precast concrete elements. Development blast testing for explosive effects on reinforced concrete structures. Structural Concrete: Design and behavior of reinforced and precast concrete structures, reinforcement detailing and cyclic strut-and-tie models. Structural Dynamics: Non-linear dynamic response of buildings subjected to blast and seismic loadings. Probabilistic performance assessment of reinforced concrete structures in blast environments.
Assoc Prof Lie Seng Tjhen	Numerical Fracture Mechanics Boundary Element Method Symmetric Galerkin Boundary Element Method Fatigue of welded joints and structures Fracture of cracked welded joints and structres Development of Failure Assessment Diagram
Assoc Prof (Adj) Lim Mong Hoo	Dr. Lim's research interests focus on water treatment and water quality. His research areas include fate of wastewater-derived contaminants in surface water, natural and engineered attenuation processes of these compounds, water treatment processes such as low-energy desalination, membrane filtration, disinfection and advanced oxidation processes. On the water quality aspects, his interests include quick measurement of water quality parameters, formation and control of disinfection by-products, occurrence and removal of taste and odour-releasing compounds, quality of stormwater.
Assoc Prof Lim Siow Yong	Fluvial and open channel Hydraulics, sediment transport and scouring phenomena.
Assoc Prof Lim Teik Thye	Prof Lim's scope of research projects encompasses both practical application of environmental technologies for pollution control and investigation of the process fundamentals. His core areas of research interest focus on application of advanced oxidation processes for water and wastewater treatment, developing novel functional materials for water purification, and developing innovative subsurface remediation technologies. He has over the years developed a range of nanomaterials for treating organic and inorganic micropollutants in surface waters, industrial wastewaters, and groundwater. He has also worked on projects exploring innovative use of industrial wastes for various applications, such as construction, earthwork, and environmental preservation. His current research projects are as follows: Novel photocatalysts This research engineers a novel photocatalyst for enhancing photocatalytic redox processes under solar radiation to remove emerging contaminants in water. It leverages off the complementary strengths among environmental process engineering, materials engineering and advanced materials characterization to develop a new-generation photocatalyst system. The advanced photocatalyst is a composite of nitrogen-doped titania (N-TiO2) supported on the powdered activated carbon (AC), or N-TiO2/AC. The composite have dual functionality, exhibiting high adsorptive properties for a variety of organics and photoactivity under visible light. The synergistic properties of the N-TiO2/AC composite enables its on-site regeneration, producing zero waste stream. Selective nanoporous adsorbents The goal is to develop various functional nano-structured materials such as layered double hydroxides (LDHs), zeolites, calcium aluminosilicates and nanoporous carbons to selectively adsorb trace inorganic contaminants, organic contaminants, and biomolecules that are difficult to be sequestrated using conventional adsorbents. The materials, such as LDHs and zeolites, can also function as catalysts to remove recalcitrant contaminants in water and air. Several types of LDHs have been synthesized in our laboratory. The LDHs have been evaluated for sorption of Cr(VI), As(III), As(V), Se(VI), and other oxyanions found in groundwater, surface waters and industrial wastewaters. Removals of up to 99% of certain oxyanions are possible. Bimetallic zerovalent metal particles The research group has synthesized nano-scale, bimetallic particles such as Ni/Fe and Pd/Fe for catalytic reductive transformation of halogenated alkanes and haloaromatics. The transformation pathways for these contaminants have been established for different types of synthesized bimetallic particles, through kinetic and mechanistic examinations of the experimental findings. The effects of catalyst content and particle ageing on their reactivities are investigated. Aqueous matrix effect on the transformation kinetics has been also examined in order to understand the possible performance of these reactive particles in industrial wastewater and contaminated groundwater.
Prof Liu Yu	Dr. Liu has about 20 years of experience in environmental biotechnology, and has the interests in biological nutrient removal, biogranulation and biofilm technology, molecular mechanism and cellular signaling of biogranulation, granular sludge membrane bioreactor, enhanced anaerobic process for low-strength organic wastewater treatment and integrated approach for water reclamation.
Assoc Prof Lo Yat-Man, Edmond	Application of hydrodynamics to coastal and inland water flows with emphasis on wave mechanics, transport processes and implications on water quality.
Assoc Prof Lok Tat Seng	Physical countermeasure assessment Assessment of conventional weapons' effects Air blast and ballistic-resistant design Material behaviour at high-strain rate
Assoc Prof Low Bak Kong	Reliability analysis in geotechnical engineering, soil and rock slope stability, ground improvement, rock engineering, and engineering analysis accounting for uncertainty. Current research works focus on probabilistic approach in connection with stability and ground-support interactions in underground construction in rocks, and research on the links and complementary roles between reliability-based design and Eurocode 7.
Asst Prof Low Ying Min	Floating offshore structures, Structural dynamics, Random vibrations, Mooring/riser systems, Reliability analysis
Assoc Prof Lu Guoxing	Prof Lu's primary research interest is fundamentals in impact and crashworthiness of structures and materials, which can be applied to design of vehicle structures such as automobiles and aircraft. He has conducted extensive in-depth studies of crashing of thin-walled structures, ductile tearing behaviour of metals, mechanical properties of novel cellular materials such as honeycombs and aluminium foams. His recent interests are the behaviour of novel sandwich panels subject to impact and blast loadings, buckling of nanotubes and mechanics of cells.
Prof Lu Ming	Numerical analysis for rock mechanics and rock engineering Measurement and evaluation of in-situ rock stress Underground storage of oil and gas Use of underground space
Prof Lua Aik Chong	Professor Lua's areas of expertise are the development of activated carbons for adsorbing gaseous and aqueous pollutants and measurement of flow rates. His current research activities are the preparation and characterization of activated carbons, adsorption technology for air pollution and water filtration, development of polymeric membranes for gas separation, measurement of flow rates using fluidic flowmeters and measurements of particulates and gas emissions from diesel engines.
Dr Lum Kit Meng	Intelligent Transportation Systems Pavement Materials and Design Traffic Safety and Management Operations Research and Simulation
Prof Ng Wun Jern	NG WUN JERN's research interests are largely in the area of water and wastewater management. The focus of his efforts has been on investigations into water quality, treatment science, and development of treatment technologies. These investigations span the water quality spectrum - ranging from ultra-pure water to high strength and potentially inhibitory wastewaters. His research output may be found in some 400 publications. These include journal papers, conference presentations, book chapters and monographs, reports, and patents. His latest book publications are titled "Industrial Wastewater Treatment" (Imperial College Press) and "Wetlands for Tropical Applications" (Imperial College Press). Current R&D interests revolve around effluent treatment and include dehalogenation under bioreductive conditions. Of particular interest are the chloro-compounds and dehalogenation under acidic conditions with biomass sculptured into granules. The interest in bioreductive (instead of bio-oxidative) processes stems from concern over energy costs and carbon footprints of treatment processes. Anaerobic processes are therefore of interest when used to manage strong wastewaters from industrial and agro-industrial sources. Current R&D interest focuses on thermophilic anaerobic processes and gas productivities and quality. Conceptually there is a shift from viewing the anaerobic process as a wastewater pretreatment device to one which is intended to recover energy from the wastewater. Extending this interest is the work on biosorption where sorption is used to concentrate carbonaceous material from low strength wastewaters prior to anaerobic degradation of the sorbent with gas recovery. This approach deviates from the conventional approach of using anaerobic processes such as the UASB or anaerobic filter to address low strength wastewaters. Laboratory studies typically use the cyclic process configuration although larger scale studies can be with the cyclic or continuous flow configuration. In aerobic treatment, there is interest in the MBR applied with granulated biomass. The interest is on biofouling mitigation using this modified biomass morphology. There is also interest in using the MBR and the concept of "back seeding" to achieve better nutrients removal and degradation of resistant organics (eg textile dyes).
Asst Prof Qian Shunzhi	Innovative and smart construction materials Sustainable design and construction Life cycle assessment
Asst Prof Qin Xiaosheng	Research interests: - Water resources and flood risk management - Surface water quality modeling and control - Climate change impact assessment and adaptation planning - Groundwater modeling, risk assessment and site remediation - Air quality control and solid waste management
Prof Ranjan Ganguli	Prof. Ganguli’s research is broadly focused on aeronautics, applied mechanics and computational science. More specifically, he has addressed problems in structural dynamics and aeroelasticity, structural health monitoring, composite and adaptive structures and optimal design. He has worked on flight vehicles such as helicopters, aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles and micro air vehicles. His research capability and educational training allows him to address aerospace and mechanical structures and systems. He is also working on rotating structures which are crucial for wind turbine rotors.
Assoc Prof Seah Leong Keey	Phase-resolved Imaging, Latent Fingerprint Imaging, Strain Measurement, Thin-Walled Structures, Buckling Analysis, Structural Behaviour,
Dr Shuy Eng Ban	Research Interests: 1. Urban hydrology, integrated urban storm water and water resource management, including quantity and quality modelling of urban storm runoff and reservoir waters 2. Open channel and closed conduit hydraulics 3. Analysis and control of water hammer in pipelines 4. Groundwater : Aquifer storage and recovery 5. Air pollutant dispersion modelling 6. Density stratified flow 7. Enhanced engineered wetland systems for stormwater management 8. Sustainable urban drainage system (SUDS)
Prof Soh Chee Kiong	smart materials and structures, energy harvesting and offshore engineering.
Assoc Prof Srinivasan Madhavi	Asst.Prof. Madhavi Srinivasan areas of expertise are in Energy storage devices (lithium ion batteries,zinc-air batteries/fuel cells, supercapacitors), Ecomaterials (photocatalysts, ion-exchange ceramic membranes) and synthesis/characterization (XPS, XRD, SEM/TEM and spectroscopy) of nanostructured materials. Her current research works focus on employing functionalized carbon nanotubes SWNT/MWNT)and decorated CNTs as electrodes in batteries/supercapacitors. Her ongoing work involves fabrication of nanostructures of transtion metal oxide and metal nanoparticles and optimization of their adhesion on to carbon-based materials.She is also working on visible light photocatalysts such as perovskite and nitrogen doped titania along with activated carbon.
Prof Stefan Wuertz	The basic task of an environmental engineer engaged in water quality management is the maintenance of adequate water supplies for the benefit of society. Aspects of both quality and quantity of water are very much at the forefront of today’s challenges in the face of a changing climate and diminishing resources. For example, being able to determine the origins of fecal pollution in urban waterways is becoming increasingly important as we aim to respond to natural and man-made disasters. Knowledge about the sources of microbial and other contaminants can help mitigate their impacts and facilitate risk assessment of exposure to drinking and recreational waters, Similarly, treatment of used water requires increasingly stringent and innovative technologies that build on the discovery and exploitation of microbiological processes, such as those found in the N and P cycle. Through the development of new tools in the life sciences it has become possible to complete whole genome analyses of microorganisms in a short period of time. Bioinformatics tools, while lagging behind in the development of technical solutions to fast and” deep” sequencing technology, are being readied to accommodate the growing need of data compilation, management and interpretation. Across the developed world engineers have begun to interact with their counterparts in the natural sciences in a search for knowledge that can result in new technology for the treatment of water and used water. As a researcher and educator steeped in both environmental engineering and life sciences disciplines, I strongly believe in studying fundamental biological and physico-chemical processes to develop new technology that is sustainable and market-ready in the long term. My vision for the School of Civil and Environmental Engineering (CEE) along with the Singapore Center on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE) is to train students in practical and theoretical aspects of what can truly be called environmental life sciences engineering (a new discipline coined by the directorate of SCELSE) and provide guidance to academic colleagues and postgraduate researchers at NTU. In specific terms, my research program involves the following three thrusts: a) Fundamental studies of biofilms and microbial communities in natural and engineered systems The emphasis is on a complete spatial and temporal description of microbial aggregates involved in the removal of chemical constituents-of-concern using advanced imaging and pyrosequencing techniques. b) Optimizing bioreactor treatment strategies As chemical analytical techniques become more sophisticated, so does our knowledge about the occurrence of specific contaminants in the environment. The field of wastewater treatment has historically been based on general treatment goals using empirically derived methods in design. However, this system often fails to deliver specific treatment goals such as degradation of a specific contaminant without affecting general treatment performance. An ever increasing number of chemical contaminants are being detected in treated used water effluent and in biosolids. Therefore, knowledge of the removal mechanisms of specific contaminants as well as an in-depth understanding of overall microbial community dynamics and expression of functional genes in a reactor is necessary. c) Protecting Public Health in Singapore For several years I have been working on the quantitative detection of pathogens in natural (e.g. storm) waters and biosolids using procedures based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Much of this research is driven by the growing realization in the scientific and professional community that for a variety of reasons standard microbial indicators like E. coli, fecal coliforms and enterococci may be inadequate predictors of recent fecal contamination in recreational waters.
Assoc Prof Sun Delai, Darren	- TiO2 nanofibe/tube membrane for water and energy (H2 and solar cell) production - Membrane fouling mechanism, control and prevention - Multifunctional membrane module design - Membrane bioreactor design - Composite membranes and membrane modules for environmental applications - Biofilms grown on liquid-permeable membranes - Reutilization of waste into value-added product.
Prof Tan Kang Hai	A/P Tan's research interests include structural fire engineering, strut and tie modelling of reinforced concrete structures, progressive collapse analysis and testing of structures, finite element programs for heat transfer analysis and nonlinear structural analysis and evacuation modelling using cellular automata.
Assoc Prof Tan Soon Keat	Dr Tan's research interests include application of geographical information system (GIS) in water resources, numerical simulation of flow for hydraulics and coastal engineering applications. His current research projects include hydrodynamic consideration of mega underwater structures and application of wetland technologies in the removal of pharmaceutical products from wastewater streams. Dr Tan specilaises in urban water management and has developed the catchment – drainage GIS map of NTU campus. The GIS map is designed to facilitate rainfall-runoff modeling as well as water quality modeling. While rainfall-runoff modelling is generally well-established, water quality modeling is not, especially in the estimate of the source concentration of the pollutants. Current research focus in the community is in the establishment of the total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorous (TP) in rainwater runoff. The difficulty lies in the fact that TN and TP varies with time, space as well as the intensity of rainfall. Dr Tan has a PhD project on TN and TP as contaminant in rainwater runoff. Removal of water-borne contaminant, particularly trace quantity of drugs and pharmaceutical products from waste-water streams is a challenge in the management of water resources, and in particular, raw water for water supply. A viable and feasible solution is to employ wetland technology as a means to remove these contaminants. Under the supervision of Dr Tan, a research team is carrying out a series of constructed wetlands experiments with raw water spiked with selected contaminants. The research work has produced meaningful results since its inception in 2009. Currently Dr Tan is leading a research team to conduct research on the various hydrodynamics considerations for a mega underwater structure, looking at the effects of flow, wave and environmental loads on a single or group of surface protruding structures. The research team comprises 10 research fellows. The challenge of the project is that the structure is to be founded on the seabed, with living space on the seabed, or supported on legs or semi-submersible, and the columns also support a deck space above the water, making full use of the 3-dimensional space. The structure has to be of mega-size to make it economically viable. As such, the environmental loads, impact of flow and waves takes on a different dimension compared to a land-based structure or oil platforms. Of particular significance is the possibility of vortex-induced-vibrations, as well as trapping or building up of waves within the group of structures. Later research work includes selection of potential site for the construction of a pilot structure as well as the effects of such structure on seabed sedimentation, ecology as well as its impact on the environment.
Assoc Prof Teh Cee Ing	Application of numerical and computational methods to geotechnical engineering. In-situ testings and interpretations. Ground improvement.
Assoc Prof Teng Susanto	Dr. Teng's research interest covers wide areas related to the behaviour of concrete structures under various static and dynamic loading, such as: behaviour of precast joints and buildings subjected to earthquake and blast loading, design of prestressed and reinforced concrete flat plate and flat slab floor systems, punching shear and moment transfer in slab-column connections, high-strength concrete columns, strut-and-tie modeling of concrete members, finite element analysis of concrete structures, behaviour of tall buildings subjected to wind and earthquake forces, etc. Some of his current research activities include: slab-column connections subjected to gravity and bi-directional lateral loadings, Strut-and-Tie Model for concrete members, strength of high strength concrete columns, tall buildings subjected to wind loads.
Assoc Prof Tiong Lee Kong, Robert	Areas of research interests: 1. catastrophe risk assessment and management 2. alternative risk transfer mechanisms and financing 3. catastrophe micro-insurance 4. sustainable development and systems, 5. impact of climate change, carbon finance and carbon emission reductions 6. integrated risk analysis
Asst Prof Wan Man Pun	Prof Wan's areas of expertise are aerosol sciences, building environmental quality and catalytic combustion. His current research works focus on transport of expiratory aerosols in indoor environments and infectious disease transmission, ultrafine particle dynamics, mass transfer and chemical kinetics in catalytic oxidation systems.
Assoc Prof Wang Jing-Yuan	Dr. Wang’s expertise includes solid waste resource management, contaminated site remediation, and environmental management. His current research interests are focused on decentralized waste and wastewater resource recovery, co-digestion of brown water and food waste, land reclamation of closed dumping ground, and bioconversion of plastic waste into biodegradable plastic polymers.
Assoc Prof Wang Rong	Dr Wang's main research interests cover membrane science & technology, chemical & environmental engineering processes. She focuses on (1) Development of various novel membranes such as forward osmosis (FO) hollow fiber membranes, biomimetic membranes, hydrophobic homo/co-PVDF hollow fiber membranes and mixed matrix membranes for membrane-based separation & purification processes; (2) Membrane surface modification for fouling control in water & wastewater treatments; modification of microporous membranes to enhance membrane surface hydrophobicity; (3) Brine processing by membrane distillation crystallization and membrane distillation module design; (4) Simulation and optimization of various membrane processes such as forward osmosis membrane process for seawater desalination; CO2 capture in membrane contactors; concentration polarization in FO/UF membrane systems and separation of mixed gases in membrane modules, etc.
Asst Prof Wang Zhiwei	Dr. Wang's research interests include Integrated land use-transportation planning, Transport network modeling and optimization, Public transport operations and planning,Logistics and network analysis.
Asst Prof Wong Ngai Yuen	- Rock mechanics - Engineering geology - Underground engineering and space development
Assoc Prof Wong Yiik Diew	Dr Wong's R&D interests are in green & sustainable mobility (energy efficiency, air quality, noise); road safety engineering & practices; driver & traveller behaviours; pedestrian safety & accessibility; bicycle transport & infrastructure; innovative construction materials in pavement. He has also undertaken research in freight transport; maritime safety & security; maritime manpower developments.
Asst Prof Wu Yanhua	Experimental diagnostics of complex fluid systems including smooth- and rough-wall turbulent flows, biological fluids, turbulence and flow control, unsteady aerodynamics of flapping wing flight, bio-mimic flows, multi-phase reactive flows, and fluid engineering related to renewable energy.
Asst Prof Yan Xiaoli	• Environmental materials for water pollution control • Advanced oxidation processes for water and wastewater treatment • Nanotoxicity and Nano-disinfection • Wastewater reclamation • Environmental electrochemical technologies • Recovery of materials and energy from wastewater and wastes
Asst Prof Yang En-Hua	Strain-hardening cementitious composites (SHCC); Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC); Self-healing/smart construction material; Green building/construction material; Ultra-high performance concrete; Multi-functional high performace roof/facade coating; Building energy simulation; Waste-to-resource/energy; Life cycle assessment; Micromechanics; Corrosion; Fatigue; Impact
Assoc Prof Yang Yaowen	(a) Application of smart sensor technology for structural health monitoring; (b) Energy harvesting using smart materials; (c) Uncertainty analysis and modeling for structural systems; and (d) Evolutionary computation for optimization and inverse problem solving;
Assoc Prof Zhao Zhiye	Development of the discontinuous deformation analysis Numerical analysis for rock mass and cavern under dynamic loads Modeling of blast loads in numerical simulations. Development of ensemble neural network for engineering applications.
Assoc Prof (Adj) Zhou Yingxin	Rock mechanics and rock engineering Rock dynamics - explosion loading, ground shock, tunnel response, and dynamic rock support Tunnelling and underground technology Use of underground space

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